NANOOS Sep13 * SG108 * Dive index * Mission links * Dive 290 * Log results * Raw log file
prev dive * next dive * dive

Parameter values: Sort by alphabetical glider order
ID  108 ESCAPE_HEADING  0 HEAD_ERRBAND  10 ALTIM_PULSE  4
MISSION  25 ESCAPE_HEADING_DELTA  10 ROLL_CNV  0.028270001 ALTIM_SENSITIVITY  4
DIVE  290 FIX_MISSING_TIMEOUT  0 ROLL_TIMEOUT  15 XPDR_VALID  5
N_DIVES  0 TGT_DEFAULT_LAT  6000 R_PORT_OVSHOOT  75 XPDR_INHIBIT  90
D_SURF  4 TGT_DEFAULT_LON  -5500 R_STBD_OVSHOOT  56 INT_PRESSURE_SLOPE  0.0097660003
D_FLARE  3 TGT_AUTO_DEFAULT  0 ROLL_AD_RATE  300 INT_PRESSURE_YINT  0
D_TGT  990 SM_CC  375 ROLL_MAXERRORS  2 DEEPGLIDER  0
D_ABORT  1030 N_FILEKB  4 ROLL_ADJ_GAIN  0 DEEPGLIDERMB  0
D_NO_BLEED  200 FILEMGR  0 ROLL_ADJ_DBAND  0 MOTHERBOARD  4
D_BOOST  20 CALL_NDIVES  1 VBD_MIN  448 DEVICE1  -1
T_BOOST  5 COMM_SEQ  0 VBD_MAX  4001 DEVICE2  -1
D_FINISH  0 PROTOCOL  9 C_VBD  3009 DEVICE3  -1
D_PITCH  0 N_NOCOMM  1 VBD_DBAND  2 DEVICE4  -1
D_SAFE  0 NOCOMM_ACTION  163 VBD_CNV  -0.24529999 DEVICE5  -1
D_CALL  0 N_NOSURFACE  0 VBD_TIMEOUT  720 DEVICE6  -1
SURFACE_URGENCY  0 UPLOAD_DIVES_MAX  -1 PITCH_VBD_SHIFT  0.003 LOGGERS  3
SURFACE_URGENCY_TRY  0 CALL_TRIES  5 VBD_PUMP_AD_RATE_SURFACE  3 LOGGERDEVICE1  53
SURFACE_URGENCY_FORCE  0 CALL_WAIT  60 VBD_PUMP_AD_RATE_APOGEE  2 LOGGERDEVICE2  86
T_DIVE  410 CAPUPLOAD  0 VBD_BLEED_AD_RATE  8 LOGGERDEVICE3  -1
T_MISSION  430 CAPMAXSIZE  100000 UNCOM_BLEED  20 LOGGERDEVICE4  -1
T_ABORT  1440 HEAPDBG  0 VBD_MAXERRORS  1 COMPASS_DEVICE  97
T_TURN  225 T_GPS  5 W_ADJ_DBAND  0 COMPASS2_DEVICE  -1
T_TURN_SAMPINT  5 N_GPS  20 DBDW  0 PHONE_DEVICE  48
T_NO_W  120 T_GPS_ALMANAC  0 PITCH_W_GAIN  0 GPS_DEVICE  32
T_LOITER  0 T_GPS_CHARGE  -194417.22 PITCH_W_DBAND  0 RAFOS_DEVICE  -1
T_EPIRB  0 T_RSLEEP  3 CF8_MAXERRORS  0 XPDR_DEVICE  24
USE_BATHY  -1 STROBE  0 AH0_24V  150 SIM_W  0
USE_ICE  0 RAFOS_PEAK_OFFSET  1.5 AH0_10V  108 SIM_PITCH  0
ICE_FREEZE_MARGIN  0.1 RAFOS_CORR_THRESH  60 MINV_24V  22 SEABIRD_T_G  0.0042902208
D_OFFGRID  1000 RAFOS_HIT_WINDOW  3600 MINV_10V  9.5 SEABIRD_T_H  0.00062879291
T_WATCHDOG  10 PITCH_MIN  350 FG_AHR_10V  0 SEABIRD_T_I  2.3436274e-05
RELAUNCH  1 PITCH_MAX  3700 FG_AHR_24V  0 SEABIRD_T_J  2.4509632e-06
APOGEE_PITCH  -5 C_PITCH  3200 PHONE_SUPPLY  -2 SEABIRD_C_G  -9.8955164
MAX_BUOY  110 PITCH_DBAND  0.1 PRESSURE_YINT  -21.975828 SEABIRD_C_H  1.1345812
COURSE_BIAS  0 PITCH_CNV  0.003125763 PRESSURE_SLOPE  0.0001161151 SEABIRD_C_I  -0.0014690319
GLIDE_SLOPE  30 P_OVSHOOT  0.039999999 AD7714Ch0Gain  128 SEABIRD_C_J  0.0002024868
SPEED_FACTOR  1 PITCH_GAIN  20 TCM_PITCH_OFFSET  0 SC_RECORDABOVE  2000.0
RHO  1.0275 PITCH_TIMEOUT  20 TCM_ROLL_OFFSET  0 SC_PROFILE  3.0
MASS  51925 PITCH_AD_RATE  150 COMPASS_USE  4 SC_XMITPROFILE  3.0
MASS_COMP  0 PITCH_MAXERRORS  1 ALTIM_BOTTOM_PING_RANGE  0 PM_RECORDABOVE  2000.0
NAV_MODE  2 PITCH_ADJ_GAIN  0 ALTIM_TOP_PING_RANGE  0 PM_PROFILE  1.0
FERRY_MAX  45 PITCH_ADJ_DBAND  0 ALTIM_BOTTOM_TURN_MARGIN  0 PM_XMITPROFILE  1.0
KALMAN_USE  2 ROLL_MIN  294 ALTIM_TOP_TURN_MARGIN  0 PM_XMITRAW  0.0
HD_A  0.0020999999 ROLL_MAX  3598 ALTIM_TOP_MIN_OBSTACLE  0 PM_NDIVE  14.0
HD_B  0.0116 ROLL_DEG  40 ALTIM_PING_DEPTH  0
HD_C  9.4299997e-07 C_ROLL_DIVE  2300 ALTIM_PING_DELTA  10
HEADING  -1 C_ROLL_CLIMB  2025 ALTIM_FREQUENCY  13

Pre-dive calculations and measurements:
GPS1  141113,094334,4701.584,-12657.655,38,0.8,38,17.1 TGT_NAME  OFFSHORE
_CALLS  1 TGT_LATLONG  4700.000,-12700.000
_XMS_NAKs  0 TGT_RADIUS  2500.000
_XMS_TOUTs  0 KALMAN_CONTROL  0.000,0.000
_SM_DEPTHo  2.86 KALMAN_X  0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0
_SM_ANGLEo  -71.3 KALMAN_Y  0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0
GPS2  141113,095030,4701.623,-12657.576,17,1.1,17,17.1 MHEAD_RNG_PITCHd_Wd  215.5,4290,-24.5,-8.049,-29.59,1028
SPEED_LIMITS  0.139,0.199 D_GRID  1000

Post-dive calculations and measurements:
FINISH  2.0,1.018713 _24V_AH  23.7,31.398
SM_CCo  12871,95.25,0.058,0,0,1479,375.06 _10V_AH  9.9,34.609
SM_GC  2.96,8.98,0.43,95.25,0.050,0.049,0.058,340,2307,1479,-8.86,-1.50,375.06,0,0,0,0,0,0,26.18,26.25,26.08 FG_AHR_24Vo  0.000
IRIDIUM_FIX  4648.08,-12653.46,141113,040442 FG_AHR_10Vo  0.000
TT8_MAMPS  0.026964,0.026964 MEM  258744
HUMID  56.97 DATA_FILE_SIZE  20077,612
INTERNAL_PRESSURE  9.04332 CAP_FILE_SIZE  160732,0
TCM_TEMP  18.70 CFSIZE  260034560,218640384
XPDR_PINGS  0 ERRORS  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0
SC_FREEKB  3845280 CURRENT  0.087,189.9,1
PM_FREEKB  3785100 GPS  141113,132835,4700.054,-12659.342,30,0.8,30,17.1

Energy measurements:
devicesecsmAJsensorsecsmAJ
Pitch_motor21235119.50 nil000.00
Roll_motor10059142.73 nil000.00
VBD_pump_during_apogee3459607877.94 nil000.00
VBD_pump_during_surface9558131.25 nil000.00
VBD_valve000.00 nil000.00
Iridium_during_init000.00 nil000.00
Iridium_during_connect000.00 SciCon1284941430.34
Iridium_during_xfer222128677.64 PMAR3081075.88
Transponder_ping04200.00 nil000.00
GUMSTIX_24V000.00
GPS18295.36
TT8198911231.42
LPSleep83932181.97
TT8_Active5701166.41
TT8_Sampling206138790.17
TT8_CF837349182.05
TT8_Kalman000.00
Analog_circuits194615307.73
GPS_charging000.00
Compass14257105.74
RAFOS000.00
Transponder050.03

Guidance and control:
st_secs pitch_ctl vbd_ctl pitch_ad_start roll_ad_start vbd_pot1_ad_start vbd_pot2_ad_start depth ob_vertv data_pts end_secs pitch_secs roll_secs vbd_secs vbd_i gcphase pitch_i roll_i pitch_ad roll_ad vbd_ad vbd_pot1_ad vbd_pot2_ad pitch_retries pitch_errors roll_retries roll_errors vbd_retries vbd_errors pitch_volts roll_volts vbd_volts
20 end surface: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK
state 20 begin dive
23 -1.39 -53.8 338 2316 1546 1379 0.0 0.0 0 59 0.00 0.00 -29.02 0.000 16386 0.000 0.000 337 2316 2228 2291 2165 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
63 -1.55 -107.1 337 2316 2297 2169 3.0 -1.0 5 130 9.35 2.03 -44.97 0.000 18692 0.236 0.060 2694 3592 3447 3494 3401 0 0 0 0 0 0 25.53 26.00 26.35
243 -1.55 -107.1 2694 3592 3498 3409 36.7 -30.3 33 254 0.00 1.88 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.026 2701 2293 3453 3498 3409 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.19 28.83
573 -1.55 -107.1 2701 2290 3503 3412 110.2 -19.6 51 584 0.00 2.08 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.030 2711 898 3457 3503 3412 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.30 28.83
643 -1.55 -107.1 2710 898 3505 3413 123.6 -19.1 54 654 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.031 2703 2308 3459 3505 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.32 28.83
972 -1.55 -107.1 2703 2308 3506 3414 183.0 -17.6 70 983 0.00 1.92 0.00 0.000 260 0.000 0.043 2693 3576 3460 3506 3414 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.36 28.83
1078 -1.55 -107.1 2693 3576 3505 3413 199.2 -18.1 74 1090 0.00 1.83 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.025 2701 2284 3459 3505 3414 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.49 28.83
1382 -1.55 -107.1 2701 2284 3506 3413 253.4 -16.7 90 1393 0.00 1.95 0.00 0.000 260 0.000 0.041 2693 3592 3460 3506 3414 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.43 28.83
1415 -1.55 -107.1 1744 3591 3496 3411 258.6 -17.1 91 1426 0.00 1.83 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.025 2700 2296 3459 3506 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.54 28.83
1739 -1.55 -107.1 2700 2295 3506 3413 314.9 -16.7 107 1749 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 2700 2295 3459 3505 3414 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
2040 -1.55 -107.1 2700 2295 3505 3413 364.0 -16.1 122 2051 0.00 2.05 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2709 913 3459 3505 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.54 28.83
2098 -1.55 -107.1 2709 913 3505 3413 372.0 -16.1 124 2109 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.031 2702 2311 3459 3505 3414 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.55 28.83
2418 -1.55 -107.1 2702 2311 3504 3413 422.7 -15.2 140 2428 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 2702 2311 3458 3504 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
2718 -1.55 -107.1 2702 2311 3503 3413 468.2 -15.5 155 2729 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.030 2707 913 3458 3503 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.58 28.83
2757 -1.55 -107.1 2706 912 3503 3413 472.9 -15.8 156 2768 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.032 2699 2303 3459 3504 3414 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.58 28.83
3077 -1.55 -107.1 2699 2303 3501 3413 524.2 -15.4 172 3088 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2707 905 3456 3500 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.59 28.83
3156 -1.55 -107.1 2706 905 3501 3413 534.7 -15.0 175 3167 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.032 2699 2301 3457 3501 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.59 28.83
3476 -1.55 -107.1 2699 2301 3499 3413 583.9 -14.9 191 3486 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 2699 2301 3456 3499 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
3778 -1.55 -107.1 2699 2301 3498 3413 627.3 -14.2 203 3789 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2706 911 3455 3498 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.60 28.83
3848 -1.55 -107.1 2706 911 3498 3413 637.5 -14.3 205 3859 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.032 2699 2314 3455 3498 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.60 28.83
4188 -1.55 -107.1 2699 2313 3496 3412 684.0 -13.6 216 4199 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2706 914 3454 3496 3412 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
4278 -1.55 -107.1 2705 914 3496 3411 693.8 -13.8 218 4289 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.032 2699 2304 3453 3496 3411 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
4598 -1.55 -107.1 2698 2303 3495 3411 740.4 -14.0 229 4609 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2706 908 3453 3495 3411 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.62 28.83
4670 -1.55 -107.1 2705 908 3495 3410 750.5 -14.2 231 4680 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.032 2698 2310 3452 3495 3410 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
5010 -1.55 -107.1 2698 2310 3494 3410 799.0 -14.2 242 5021 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2705 915 3451 3494 3409 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
5080 -1.55 -107.1 2705 915 3494 3409 808.9 -14.1 244 5091 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.032 2699 2314 3451 3494 3409 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
5420 -1.55 -107.1 2697 2313 3493 3408 856.0 -13.6 255 5431 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2705 913 3451 3494 3408 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.62 28.83
5522 -1.55 -107.1 2705 913 3494 3408 869.7 -13.5 258 5533 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.032 2698 2313 3450 3494 3406 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
5861 -1.55 -107.1 2697 2313 3493 3407 915.8 -13.8 269 5872 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2703 915 3450 3493 3407 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.62 28.83
5944 -1.55 -107.1 2703 914 3493 3407 925.5 -14.0 271 5955 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.033 2696 2303 3450 3493 3407 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
6269 -1.55 -107.1 2695 2302 3492 3407 972.5 -13.9 282 6280 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.031 2697 904 3449 3492 3406 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
6302 -1.55 -107.1 2697 904 3492 3406 972.5 -13.9 282 6314 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.034 2690 2309 3449 3492 3406 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.60 28.83
6395 end dive: TARGET_DEPTH_EXCEEDED
state 6396 begin apogee
6403 -0.25 0.0 2690 2025 3491 3406 990.5 -14.0 286 6561 1.40 0.00 141.73 0.961 10246 0.166 0.000 3112 2018 3004 3096 2913 0 0 0 0 0 0 26.03 28.83 24.18
6563 end apogee: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK
state 6563 begin climb
6566 1.55 107.1 3112 2019 3093 2910 995.1 0.0 291 6718 1.67 0.00 141.88 0.904 10246 0.073 0.000 3698 2018 2571 2673 2470 0 0 0 0 0 0 25.11 28.83 23.72
6998 1.55 107.1 3698 2018 2648 2456 922.3 19.8 306 7008 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 3698 2019 2552 2648 2456 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
7299 1.55 107.1 3698 2018 2644 2453 863.6 19.7 316 7309 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 3698 2019 2548 2644 2453 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
7598 1.55 107.1 3698 2018 2642 2453 806.1 18.9 326 7609 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.035 3707 632 2547 2642 2453 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.24 28.83
7683 1.55 107.1 3707 632 2641 2453 792.9 18.8 328 7694 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.031 3700 2023 2546 2640 2453 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.29 28.83
8007 1.55 107.1 3700 2023 2640 2451 730.9 18.2 339 8017 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 3700 2023 2545 2640 2451 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
8308 1.55 107.1 3700 2023 2640 2450 677.4 17.9 349 8319 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.034 3709 640 2545 2640 2450 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.41 28.83
8371 1.55 107.1 3707 640 2640 2450 670.1 17.8 350 8383 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.030 3700 2028 2545 2640 2450 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.45 28.83
8680 1.55 107.1 3700 2027 2639 2450 610.0 18.1 361 8691 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 3700 2028 2544 2639 2450 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
8978 1.55 107.1 3700 2027 2638 2450 556.0 18.0 375 8988 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 3700 2027 2543 2638 2449 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
9278 1.55 107.1 3700 2027 2637 2451 501.6 18.1 390 9289 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.034 3707 641 2543 2638 2449 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.51 28.83
9342 1.55 107.1 3707 640 2636 2449 492.5 18.5 392 9354 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.031 3700 2030 2543 2637 2449 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.53 28.83
9647 1.55 107.1 3700 2029 2637 2449 434.6 17.8 408 9658 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.034 3707 640 2543 2637 2449 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.53 28.83
9697 1.55 107.1 3707 640 2637 2449 425.9 17.5 410 9708 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.030 3700 2027 2543 2637 2449 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.55 28.83
10027 1.55 107.1 3700 2026 2636 2449 368.3 17.3 426 10038 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 260 0.000 0.043 3689 3432 2542 2636 2449 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.50 28.83
10078 1.55 107.1 3689 3432 2636 2448 359.3 17.7 428 10089 0.00 2.05 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.027 3697 2022 2542 2636 2449 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.61 28.83
10408 1.55 107.1 3697 2022 2636 2448 303.5 17.1 444 10420 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.035 3708 633 2542 2636 2448 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.54 28.83
10492 1.55 107.1 3707 633 2635 2448 291.6 16.9 447 10504 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.029 3702 2028 2541 2635 2448 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.59 28.83
10798 1.55 107.1 3700 2027 2635 2448 238.1 17.0 463 10808 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 6 0.000 0.000 3700 2028 2541 2635 2448 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 28.83 28.83
11098 1.55 107.1 3700 2028 2634 2448 190.0 16.3 478 11109 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.000 516 0.000 0.034 3707 640 2541 2635 2448 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.56 28.83
11169 1.55 107.1 3707 640 2634 2448 178.5 16.2 481 11180 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.031 3701 2026 2541 2634 2448 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.60 28.83
11500 1.55 107.1 3700 2026 2634 2447 127.1 14.4 497 11511 0.00 2.10 0.00 0.000 260 0.000 0.042 3691 3429 2540 2634 2447 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.53 28.83
11533 1.55 107.1 3072 3427 2584 2438 122.5 14.7 498 11544 0.00 2.03 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.026 3697 2024 2540 2634 2447 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.65 28.83
11857 1.55 107.1 3697 2023 2634 2448 78.3 12.9 514 11868 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.000 260 0.000 0.041 3690 3443 2541 2636 2447 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.53 28.83
12097 1.55 107.1 3690 3443 2634 2447 54.8 8.1 525 12108 0.00 2.05 0.00 0.000 1030 0.000 0.026 3698 2018 2541 2635 2447 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.66 28.83
12417 1.70 158.7 3697 2018 2634 2446 43.9 2.9 552 12494 0.00 2.22 62.35 0.579 10500 0.000 0.041 3690 3425 2359 2458 2261 0 0 1 0 0 0 28.83 25.91 25.30
12727 1.70 158.7 3689 3425 2450 2254 14.6 12.1 590 12738 0.00 2.05 0.00 0.000 3078 0.000 0.025 3698 2022 2352 2451 2254 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.83 26.22 28.83
12817 end climb: SURFACE_DEPTH_REACHED
state 12817 begin surface coast
12849 end surface coast: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK
state 12849 begin surface