Parameter values: Sort by alphabetical glider order
ID | 236 | ESCAPE_HEADING | 0 | HEAD_ERRBAND | 180 | ALTIM_SENSITIVITY | 2 |
MISSION | 2 | ESCAPE_HEADING_DELTA | 10 | ROLL_CNV | 0.054945 | XPDR_VALID | 4 |
DIVE | 49 | FIX_MISSING_TIMEOUT | 0 | ROLL_TIMEOUT | 15 | XPDR_INHIBIT | 90 |
N_DIVES | 0 | TGT_DEFAULT_LAT | 4736 | ROLL_MAXERRORS | 1 | XPDR_INT | 0 |
STOP_T | 0 | TGT_DEFAULT_LON | -12218 | ROLL_ADJ_GAIN | 0 | XPDR_REP | 0 |
D_SURF | 2 | TGT_AUTO_DEFAULT | 0 | ROLL_ADJ_DBAND | 0 | INT_PRESSURE_SLOPE | 1.9639999e-06 |
D_FLARE | 3 | SM_CC | 425 | VBD_MIN | 500 | INT_PRESSURE_YINT | 0 |
D_TGT | 500 | N_FILEKB | 8 | VBD_MAX | 3960 | DEEPGLIDER | 0 |
D_ABORT | 1010 | FILEMGR | 0 | C_VBD | 2500 | DEEPGLIDERMB | 0 |
D_NO_BLEED | 200 | CALL_NDIVES | 1 | VBD_DBAND | 2 | MOTHERBOARD | 6 |
D_BOOST | 2 | COMM_SEQ | 0 | VBD_CNV | -0.24529999 | DEVICE1 | 120 |
T_BOOST | 0 | PROTOCOL | 9 | VBD_LP_IGNORE | 0 | DEVICE2 | -1 |
D_FINISH | 0 | N_NOCOMM | 1 | VBD_TIMEOUT | 720 | DEVICE3 | -1 |
D_PITCH | 0 | NOCOMM_ACTION | 163 | PITCH_VBD_SHIFT | 0.003 | DEVICE4 | -1 |
D_SAFE | 0 | N_NOSURFACE | 0 | UNCOM_BLEED | 20 | DEVICE5 | -1 |
D_CALL | 0 | UPLOAD_DIVES_MAX | -1 | VBD_MAXERRORS | 1 | DEVICE6 | -1 |
SURFACE_URGENCY | 0 | CALL_TRIES | 5 | W_ADJ_DBAND | 2 | LOGGERS | 1 |
SURFACE_URGENCY_TRY | 0 | CALL_WAIT | 60 | DBDW | 0 | LOGGERDEVICE1 | 7 |
SURFACE_URGENCY_FORCE | 0 | CAPUPLOAD | 0 | LOITER_W_DBAND | 0 | LOGGERDEVICE2 | -1 |
T_DIVE | 150 | CAPMAXSIZE | 100000 | LOITER_DBDW | 0 | LOGGERDEVICE3 | -1 |
T_MISSION | 180 | T_GPS | 5 | LOITER_D_TOP | 150 | LOGGERDEVICE4 | -1 |
T_ABORT | 1440 | N_GPS | 100440 | LOITER_D_BOTTOM | 250 | COMPASS_DEVICE | 66 |
T_TURN | 225 | T_RSLEEP | 1 | LOITER_N_DIVE | 0 | COMPASS2_DEVICE | -1 |
T_TURN_SAMPINT | -5 | STROBE | 0 | CF8_MAXERRORS | 20 | PHONE_DEVICE | 33 |
T_NO_W | 180 | RAFOS_PEAK_OFFSET | 0 | AH0_24V | 350 | GPS_DEVICE | 48 |
T_LOITER | 7200 | RAFOS_CORR_THRESH | 60 | AH0_10V | 0 | RAFOS_DEVICE | -1 |
T_EPIRB | 0 | RAFOS_HIT_WINDOW | 3600 | MINV_24V | 11 | NETWORK_DEVICE | -1 |
USE_BATHY | 0 | RAFOS_MMODEM | 0 | MINV_10V | 11 | PRESSURE_DEVICE | 34 |
USE_ICE | 0 | PITCH_MIN | 190 | MAXI_24V | 5 | XPDR_DEVICE | 21 |
ICE_FREEZE_MARGIN | 0.30000001 | PITCH_MAX | 3920 | MAXI_10V | 1.5 | SIM_W | 0 |
D_OFFGRID | 990 | C_PITCH | 2140 | FG_AHR_10V | 8.7426186 | SEABIRD_T_G | 0.0043000001 |
RELAUNCH | 1 | PITCH_DBAND | 0.1 | FG_AHR_24V | 19.196804 | SEABIRD_T_H | 0.00063999998 |
APOGEE_PITCH | -5 | PITCH_CNV | 0.0041299998 | PHONE_SUPPLY | 2 | SEABIRD_T_I | 2.4999999e-05 |
MAX_BUOY | 100 | PITCH_GAIN | 20 | PRESSURE_YINT | -170.66119 | SEABIRD_T_J | 4.3e-06 |
GLIDE_SLOPE | 30 | PITCH_TIMEOUT | 30 | PRESSURE_SLOPE | 0.00022638284 | SEABIRD_C_G | -10 |
SPEED_FACTOR | 1 | PITCH_MAXERRORS | 1 | COMPASS_USE | 4 | SEABIRD_C_H | 1 |
RHO | 1.0275 | PITCH_ADJ_GAIN | 0 | ALTIM_PING_FIT | 0 | SEABIRD_C_I | -0.0020000001 |
MASS | 72660 | PITCH_ADJ_DBAND | 0 | ALTIM_TOP_PING_RANGE | 0 | SEABIRD_C_J | 0.00019999999 |
NAV_MODE | 0 | PITCH_W_GAIN | 2 | ALTIM_BOTTOM_TURN_MARGIN | 0 | SC_RECORDABOVE | 2000.0 |
FERRY_MAX | 45 | PITCH_W_DBAND | 0.5 | ALTIM_TOP_TURN_MARGIN | 0 | SC_PROFILE | 7.0 |
KALMAN_USE | 2 | ROLL_MIN | 670 | ALTIM_TOP_MIN_OBSTACLE | 1 | SC_XMITPROFILE | 7.0 |
HD_A | 0.0039810701 | ROLL_MAX | 3465 | ALTIM_PING_DEPTH | 0 | SC_NDIVE | 1.0 |
HD_B | 0.0094307503 | ROLL_DEG | 80 | ALTIM_PING_DELTA | 0 | ||
HD_C | 5.7000002e-06 | C_ROLL_DIVE | 700 | ALTIM_FREQUENCY | 13 | ||
HEADING | -1 | C_ROLL_CLIMB | 700 | ALTIM_PULSE | 3 |
Pre-dive calculations and measurements:
GPS1 |   081020,002831,4707.713,-12645.652,90,0.9,91,15.8 | TGT_LATLONG |   4751.930,-12510.270 |
_CALLS |   1 | TGT_RADIUS |   2500.000 |
_SM_DEPTHo |   1.32 | KALMAN_CONTROL |   0.000,0.000 |
_SM_ANGLEo |   -70.5 | KALMAN_X |   0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 |
GPS2 |   081020,003252,4707.707,-12645.688,2,0.6,4,15.8 | KALMAN_Y |   0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 |
SPEED_LIMITS |   0.192,0.230 | MHEAD_RNG_PITCHd_Wd |   39.6,144093,-23.8,-11.111,-25.81 |
TGT_NAME |   SHELF | D_GRID |   500 |
Post-dive calculations and measurements:
SM_CCo |   8053.00,0.00,0.000,0,767.5,768.0,767.0,424.98 | _10V_AH |   15.00,0.000 |
SM_GC |   3.04,0.00,16.97,0.04,0.000,0.119,0.239,767.5,768.0,767.0,181.4,734.9,0,0,0,30.00,15.70,15.75 | FG_AHR_24Vo |   19.363 |
SUPER |   27,71,254,1,0,0 | FG_AHR_10Vo |   8.786 |
IRIDIUM_FIX |   4706.43,-12643.97,071020,221336 | MEM |   1104512,26,72936,53 |
TCM_TEMP |   195.07 | DATA_FILE_SIZE |   35461,948 |
XPDR_PINGS |   2,14.0,11.5 | CAP_FILE_SIZE |   152355,0 |
SC_FREEKB |   3858592 | SDSIZE |   3918848,3896128 |
HUMID |   56.63 | SDFILEDIR |   271,1 |
TEMP |   9.23 | ERRORS |   0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 |
INTERNAL_PRESSURE |   7.87077 | GPS |   081020,024750,4707.551,-12645.511,14,1.2,19,15.8 |
_24V_AH |   15.01,18.766 |
Energy measurements:
device | secs | mA | J | sensor | secs | mA | J |
VBD_pump | 491 | 1610 | 11883.95 | legato | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Pitch_motor | 36 | 303 | 164.22 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Roll_motor | 0 | 332 | 1.50 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Iridium | 194 | 210 | 613.45 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Transponder_ping | 0 | 420 | 3.15 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
GPS | 13 | 15 | 3.01 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Core | 2966 | 11 | 525.03 | SciCon | 8021 | 12 | 1539.91 |
LPSleep | 5292 | 2 | 222.28 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Compass | 1673 | 5 | 125.52 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
RAFOS | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | ||||
Transponder | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | ||||
Altimeter Analysis:
m=0.0,R=0.0,N=0 | m=0.6,R=0.8,N=2 | ||||||||
depth | range | fit R | obstacle | m | R | fit R | obstacle | m | R |
Guidance and control:
st_secs | flags | vbd_ctl | pitch_ctl | roll_ctl | vbd_ad_start | vbd_pot1_ad_start | vbd_pot2_ad_start | pitch_ad_start | roll_ad_start | depth | ob_vertv | data_pts | end_secs | vbd_secs | pitch_secs | roll_secs | vbd_i | pitch_i | roll_i | vbd_ad | vbd_pot1_ad | vbd_pot2_ad | pitch_ad | roll_ad | vbd_errors | pitch_errors | roll_errors | vbd_volts | pitch_volts | roll_volts |
6 | end surface: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 6 | begin dive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6.33 | 16386 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 763.6 | 763.2 | 764.0 | 179.1 | 689.9 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 60.19 | 53.33 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.005 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2022.00 | 2016.00 | 2028.00 | 178.94 | 689.62 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.76 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
60.42 | 18467 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2021.7 | 2015.2 | 2028.2 | 178.9 | 689.9 | 3.03 | -4.45 | 10 | 100.65 | 21.47 | 12.86 | 0.00 | 0.006 | 0.303 | 0.000 | 2895.78 | 2891.62 | 2899.94 | 1780.00 | 689.75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.77 | 15.67 | 30.00 |
278.37 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2895.7 | 2893.1 | 2898.4 | 1780.9 | 689.7 | 63.94 | -20.21 | 54 | 279.69 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2896.53 | 2894.19 | 2898.88 | 1780.50 | 689.75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
458.40 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2896.1 | 2893.6 | 2898.6 | 1781.1 | 689.6 | 98.79 | -19.55 | 90 | 459.73 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2896.53 | 2894.50 | 2898.56 | 1780.31 | 689.75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
638.43 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2896.8 | 2895.2 | 2898.4 | 1780.7 | 689.9 | 131.07 | -16.84 | 109 | 639.76 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2897.34 | 2895.62 | 2899.06 | 1780.12 | 689.75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
938.48 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2897.7 | 2897.2 | 2898.2 | 1779.9 | 689.8 | 173.47 | -14.73 | 139 | 939.80 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2898.34 | 2897.50 | 2899.19 | 1780.50 | 689.75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
1238.50 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2898.2 | 2898.1 | 2898.2 | 1780.9 | 689.7 | 221.29 | -15.83 | 169 | 1239.83 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2899.22 | 2899.19 | 2899.25 | 1780.88 | 689.56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
1538.54 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2898.5 | 2898.8 | 2898.3 | 1780.2 | 689.8 | 269.55 | -16.53 | 199 | 1539.87 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2899.19 | 2899.56 | 2898.81 | 1780.75 | 689.69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
1838.57 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2898.0 | 2898.0 | 2898.1 | 1780.2 | 689.4 | 319.45 | -17.01 | 229 | 1839.90 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2898.81 | 2899.00 | 2898.62 | 1780.44 | 689.75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
2138.61 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2898.1 | 2898.2 | 2898.0 | 1780.9 | 689.2 | 368.72 | -15.63 | 259 | 2139.93 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2898.94 | 2899.06 | 2898.81 | 1780.81 | 689.50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
2438.65 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2897.7 | 2898.4 | 2896.9 | 1780.6 | 689.4 | 414.45 | -13.72 | 289 | 2439.98 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2897.88 | 2898.25 | 2897.50 | 1780.81 | 689.88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
2738.68 | 0 | -97.32 | -1.48 | 0.00 | 2897.1 | 2898.5 | 2895.7 | 1780.8 | 689.8 | 457.52 | -14.00 | 319 | 2740.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2897.47 | 2898.75 | 2896.19 | 1780.88 | 689.75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
3039 | end dive: TARGET_DEPTH_EXCEEDED | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 3039 | begin apogee | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3039.86 | 10243 | 0.00 | -0.25 | 0.00 | 2896.2 | 2897.8 | 2894.6 | 1780.7 | 727.9 | 500.52 | -14.61 | 349 | 3120.74 | 77.08 | 2.11 | 0.10 | 1.611 | 0.211 | 0.332 | 2497.84 | 2508.75 | 2486.94 | 2079.06 | 692.94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13.29 | 16.06 | 15.65 |
3122 | end apogee: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 3122 | begin climb | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3121.85 | 10243 | 97.32 | 1.48 | 0.00 | 2497.2 | 2508.3 | 2486.0 | 2078.8 | 692.8 | 503.80 | 0.00 | 357 | 3211.00 | 83.53 | 2.86 | 0.00 | 1.565 | 0.137 | 0.000 | 2101.75 | 2123.88 | 2079.62 | 2500.75 | 692.69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13.09 | 15.69 | 30.00 |
3508.79 | 16386 | 97.32 | 1.48 | 0.00 | 2088.5 | 2112.2 | 2064.9 | 2500.6 | 692.8 | 462.34 | 11.78 | 396 | 3510.12 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2089.41 | 2113.06 | 2065.75 | 2500.12 | 692.88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
3808.85 | 16386 | 97.32 | 1.48 | 0.00 | 2086.1 | 2109.9 | 2062.4 | 2500.3 | 692.7 | 425.34 | 12.19 | 426 | 3810.18 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2086.41 | 2109.75 | 2063.06 | 2500.12 | 692.88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
4108.91 | 16386 | 97.32 | 1.48 | 0.00 | 2084.8 | 2109.2 | 2060.5 | 2501.1 | 692.7 | 390.52 | 11.68 | 456 | 4110.25 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2085.59 | 2109.94 | 2061.25 | 2500.81 | 692.69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
4408.99 | 16450 | 97.32 | 1.49 | 0.00 | 2083.0 | 2107.7 | 2058.4 | 2500.1 | 692.9 | 356.92 | 10.52 | 486 | 4410.32 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2083.62 | 2108.50 | 2058.75 | 2500.81 | 692.62 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
4709.06 | 16450 | 97.32 | 1.51 | 0.00 | 2082.1 | 2106.9 | 2057.2 | 2500.3 | 692.9 | 327.34 | 10.24 | 516 | 4710.39 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2082.25 | 2107.19 | 2057.31 | 2500.56 | 693.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
5009.12 | 16450 | 97.32 | 1.54 | 0.00 | 2080.6 | 2105.1 | 2056.1 | 2500.4 | 692.9 | 299.91 | 9.61 | 546 | 5010.45 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2080.22 | 2104.81 | 2055.62 | 2500.31 | 692.88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
5309.17 | 10275 | 124.70 | 1.62 | 0.00 | 2080.0 | 2104.8 | 2055.2 | 2500.9 | 693.0 | 271.29 | 9.02 | 576 | 5331.71 | 21.13 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 1.332 | 0.114 | 0.000 | 1990.78 | 2018.31 | 1963.25 | 2538.00 | 692.88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13.25 | 16.05 | 30.00 |
5629.22 | 0 | 124.70 | 1.62 | 0.00 | 1984.8 | 2013.0 | 1956.6 | 2539.0 | 692.6 | 231.53 | 12.81 | 608 | 5630.55 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1985.00 | 2013.00 | 1957.00 | 2538.31 | 693.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
5929.28 | 64 | 124.70 | 1.64 | 0.00 | 1983.6 | 2011.7 | 1955.4 | 2539.1 | 692.8 | 196.57 | 10.42 | 638 | 5930.60 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1983.78 | 2012.19 | 1955.38 | 2539.00 | 692.69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
6229.31 | 16450 | 124.70 | 1.66 | 0.00 | 1982.3 | 2010.4 | 1954.2 | 2539.0 | 692.8 | 164.90 | 9.65 | 668 | 6230.64 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1980.97 | 2009.56 | 1952.38 | 2538.56 | 692.88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
6529.34 | 10275 | 180.10 | 1.83 | 0.00 | 1981.5 | 2010.0 | 1953.0 | 2538.3 | 692.4 | 139.99 | 6.89 | 698 | 6575.48 | 44.56 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 1.256 | 0.111 | 0.000 | 1762.75 | 1799.75 | 1725.75 | 2588.56 | 692.81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13.29 | 16.04 | 30.00 |
6869.44 | 16450 | 180.10 | 1.87 | 0.00 | 1756.2 | 1795.3 | 1717.1 | 2588.9 | 692.8 | 106.80 | 9.36 | 732 | 6870.77 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1756.50 | 1795.75 | 1717.25 | 2588.62 | 692.62 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
7169.44 | 10275 | 280.23 | 2.17 | 0.00 | 1755.2 | 1794.9 | 1715.4 | 2588.6 | 692.8 | 91.26 | 3.47 | 781 | 7247.52 | 76.81 | 0.49 | 0.00 | 1.199 | 0.095 | 0.000 | 1357.28 | 1400.12 | 1314.44 | 2670.12 | 692.81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13.13 | 15.95 | 30.00 |
7425.27 | 0 | 280.23 | 2.17 | 0.00 | 1350.5 | 1395.6 | 1305.3 | 2671.3 | 692.9 | 57.65 | 15.60 | 832 | 7426.59 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1350.59 | 1395.81 | 1305.38 | 2670.62 | 693.19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
7605.32 | 10275 | 357.94 | 2.40 | 0.00 | 1348.8 | 1394.9 | 1302.8 | 2670.4 | 692.8 | 39.16 | 5.19 | 868 | 7666.58 | 59.40 | 0.31 | 0.00 | 1.112 | 0.100 | 0.000 | 1040.97 | 1079.69 | 1002.25 | 2728.44 | 692.94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13.09 | 15.84 | 30.00 |
7845.54 | 8226 | 399.47 | 2.52 | 0.00 | 1036.7 | 1076.8 | 996.6 | 2728.6 | 692.8 | 22.77 | 7.94 | 916 | 7881.00 | 33.61 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.050 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 871.72 | 907.56 | 835.88 | 2727.88 | 692.81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.99 | 30.00 | 30.00 |
7996 | end climb: SURFACE_DEPTH_REACHED | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 7996 | begin surface coast | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
8006 | end surface coast: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 8006 | begin surface |